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December 25, 1961 - 15 np
Commemorative Postage Stamp and First Day Cover issued on the 100th
birth anniversary of Madan Mohan Malaviya with cancellation at
birthplace Allahabad.
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Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya was
born on December 25, 1861 at Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh.
He studied at Sanskrit Pathashalas
and Allahabad District School and passed his matriculation. He obtained his BA
from Calcutta University and LLB from Allahabad University.
He worked as Assistant Master at
Allahabad District School (1884 – 1887). He later served as Editor of Hindustan
(1887 – 1889) and Indian Opinion (1889 – 1891).
He enrolled as Advocate and
practiced at Allahabad District Court (1891 – 1893) and Allahabad High Court
(1893 – 1911).
He was elected as member of
Imperial Legislative Council (1911 – 1919).
He founded
and served as the Vice Chancellor (1919 – 1939) and Life Rector (1939 – 1946)
Benares Hindu University at Varanasi.
He died on November 12, 1946 at
Varanasi aged 85.
Jurist
A brilliant
civil lawyer he practised at Allahabad District Court (1891 – 1893) and
Allahabad High Court (1893 – 1911). A
staunch nationalist he appeared for peasants and freedom fighters. His notable
legal achievement was the acquittal of 156 freedom fighters from death sentence
in the Chauri Chaura case. He was instrumental in the adoption of Devanagari script
as a court language.
Journalist
He edited English newspapers Hindustan, Indian Opinion, Leader,
President and Hindi newspapers Abhyudaya, Maryada and Santana Dharma. He was
the First Chairman Board of Directors of The Hindustan Times Limited (1924 –
1946).
He was the President of the Hindi
Sahitya Sammelan held at Bombay in 1911 and 1919. Bharati Bhavan Library
He wrote poems and articles on education
and nationalism under the pseudonym Makarand
Legislator
He was Member
of Allahabad Municipal Council (1901 – 1903) United Provinces Legislative
Council (1903 – 1912), Central Legislative Council (1912 – 1919) and Central
Legislative Assembly (1919 – 1926). He served as Member of the UP Industrial Commission
and UP Agricultural Commission. He highlighted and undertook several initiatives
to solve various socio political issues like revenue, famine, illiteracy,
poverty and epidemics.
Nationalist
He joined
the Indian National Congress held at Calcutta under the leadership of Dadabhai
Naoroji. He served as the President of Indian National Congress at the sessions
held at Delhi (1918), Lahore (1929), Delhi (1932) and Calcutta (1933). The
National slogan Satyameva Jayate or Truth alone Triumphs was introduced by him
at Delhi Session in 1918.
He attended the Round table
Conference with Mahatma Gandhi at London in 1931. The Poona pact was concluded in
1932 between MM Malaviya and BR Ambedkar to reserve seats for the depressed
classes within the general electorate, which made MK Gandhi break his fast.
A moderate leader he left the
Congress and later headed the Congress Nationalist Party and Congress
Independent Party.
He actively
participated in the Independence Movement for which he was imprisoned several
times by the British Raj
Social Activist
He was a unique
amalgamation of both ancient and modern, of Eastern and Western thoughts. He worked for communal harmony, abolition of untouchability,
preservation of animals and rivers.
He was
President of the Bharat Dharma Mandal, Bharat Goraksha Mandal, Sanatan Dharma
Mahasabha and Harijan Sevak Sangh
He was President of All India Swadeshi Samithi, All India
Seva Samithi and All India Scouts Movement.
He was President of the Hindu Mahasabha at the Gaya session
(1922) and Kashi session (1923), Ganga Mahasabha.
Educationist
He founded
the Benares Hindu University in 1919 and served as it’s served as Vice
Chancellor (1919 – 1939) and later Life Rector (1939 – 1946)
The
institution is the largest residential university in Asia spread over 1500
acres with over 35000 students studying in various faculties comprising Arts,
Sciences, Law, Humanities, Agriculture and Medicine.
 |
January
20, 1991 - Commemorative Postage Stamp and First Day Cover on the
anniversary of Benares Hindu University with cancellation at Varanasi.  |
Titles
He was conferred the title “Mahamana”
or large hearted by Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore
Awards
The Government of India
posthumously honoured him with Bharat Ratna in 2014 on his 153th
birth anniversary.
Resources
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